交通速度弯沉车（TSD）
The Traffic Speed Deflectometer (TSD) is an innovative Rolling Wheel Deflectometer measuring pavement response to applied load. The unique TSD technology is developed by Greenwood Engineering and has initiated a paradigm shift in pavement engineering worldwide.
The Greenwood TSD provides continuous bearing capacity results at both project and network levels while following the flow of traffic. This makes the Greenwood TSD highly cost-effective.
Synchronised view of your network pavement structural and functional conditions
The TSD provides repeatable, detailed and accurate data, from which bearing capacity indices can be derived and pavement fatigue / residual life can be estimated. This information is essential to decide how and where to repair.
国际上，大量研究揭示，制定养护计划时应基于结构数据，专注解决公路潜在的问题而不是仅仅修复路面表面症状，才能显著节约养护成本和大幅提高成本效益。
The TSD quickly identifies the weakest road sections, which allows for correct timing in preventive maintenance.
这个案例是虚构的。
TSD delivers back-calculated strains down to centimeters
Based on the measured layer thicknesses and pavement response data, the pavement strains and the elastic moduli of each layer can be found using Greenwood’s own viscoelastic back-calculation algorithm.
Having access to detailed back-calculated results at the network level makes it possible to make reliable lifetime analyses for the entire road network and to identify appropriate preventative measures in every instance.
When ‘the full picture’ is known for every part of the road network, it is possible to plan pavement maintenance without any unknowns and to use maintenance funds in a truly smart way.
Examples: Fatigue strain with 5 cm intervals. Bearing capacity and the pavement layer thicknesses can be measured in one go.
连续式测量，检测速度可达80km/h (50mph)，
不影响正常交通
Effective calculation of strains and E-moduli from TSD measurements
Greenwood Engineering has developed ViscBackCalc, the world’s first online service capable of running visco-elastic back calculation on TSD measurements for precise prediction of pavement distress at network level. It’s a very fast and easy way to calculate the structural properties of the road network.
ViscBackCalc allows users to upload TSD-measurements and apply visco-elastic back calculation to the entire chainage and download calculated fatigue- and rutting strains, E-moduli and slopes. The service also allows for correlation to models derived from FWD. It also generates plots for deflections, slopes and strains and allows for temperature compensation and dynamic layer information e.g. from a ground penetrating radar.
联系 vbc@greenwood.dk for more information or to request access to the service.
Learn more about how to get effective calculation of strains and E-moduli from TSD measurements
Automated Processing and Quality Control (APQC)
To optimise the Traffic Speed Deflectometer (TSD) operational efficiency and quality, Greenwood has launched an Automated Processing and Quality Control (APQC) tool. It enables customers to get faster results, improve data integrity, and detect anomalies early — all with seamless automation. APQC ensures high-quality measurements, reduces errors, and integrates effortlessly with measurement and processing workflows. APQC will be integrated into all new TSDs.
Advantages:
- Save time with automated processing. Exports of data are readily available shortly after each completed measurement section.
- Ensure data quality with expert checks with the possibility of adding more checks.
- A web interface shows the results of quality checks on each measurement and enables viewing detailed quality reports when necessary.
The tool can be retrofitted in all current TSDs.
联系 sales@greenwood.dk for further information.
高效率。低成本。
The TSD measures at normal traffic speed, making it possible to survey hundreds of kilometres per workday. Operated by only two people — a driver and an operator — it eliminates the need for assisting personnel to close road lanes or set up road markings.
This makes the TSD highly efficient and more economical per kilometre measured than traditional point-measuring equipment.
检测原理
交通速度弯沉车测量弯沉速度而不是弯沉位移。为了测量路面移动，TSD应用了多普勒效应原理：信号源的移动造成信号源产生的波长的变化。
在TSD系统内，多普勒激光器发射良好描述的信号至移动着的路面，随后接收反射回的激光信号。根据路面移动速度不同，接收到信号的波长发生了相应变化。
应用这种方法，公路路面纹理和粗糙度就不会影响TSD测量承载力的精度。
新款TSD设备安装有10个或10个以上的多普勒激光器，同时测量载荷车轮前后的路面移动，生成完整的弯沉盆曲线。
SCI300和更多参数。精确和可复验
TSD系统提供弯沉盆的完整图形，输出常见数值包括路面曲率指数（SCI300），最大弯沉值（D0）及其他参数。通过将多普勒激光器沿挂车双轮纵向中心线，安装在载荷车轮的前后，才可得以实现。
SCITSD is the new structural curvature index for strain analysis of large road networks and airfields developed by Greenwood Engineering. It is well suited for rolling wheel deflection (RWD) experiments as performed by the Traffic Speed Deflectometer.
路网检测示例
SCITSD vs. tensile strain at the bottom of the top layer. SCITSD is proportional to the strain, as both are derived from the curvature of the deflection bowl. This means that the tensile strain can be calculated directly from SCITSD, as shown by the green curve.
Besides the GPR it is possible to include optional equipment as Surface Imaging System (SIS), Right Of Way Camera (ROW) etc. for collection of a full set of synchronised road data in one drive.
Synchronised data from subsystems
Every TSD is uniquely tailored to meet our customers’ needs. Subsystems like the Surface Imaging System, Right-of-way Imaging, Ground Penetrating Radar and similar equipment can be installed to simultaneously collect additional functional data from the road.
Data from these subsystems are synchronised with the structural data in real time, resulting in a set of a big data for the road network – all obtained in one drive.
More than 20 TSDs worldwide and counting...
The first TSD was delivered to the Danish Road Directorate under the Ministry of Transport in 2004. Since then, the development has continued and the experience has grown as more than 20 TSDs are now in operation for various research projects and maintenance optimisation tasks in the United States, South Africa, India, Australia, China, England, Germany, Italy, Poland, Sweden and Denmark.
Did you know that the TSD can be employed in airport environments?
The TSD accurately assesses the structural integrity of runways, taxiways, and aprons. This advanced technology enables a comprehensive evaluation, offering a full picture of the runway condition to facilitate informed maintenance decisions, ensuring safety and durability with minimal lane closure.